Work overview

Section 09 of 09

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

Effects of cassava waste- and tofu waste-based concentrate formulations on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and economic returns of Madura and Madrasin bulls under smallholder production systems

Kusmartono Kusmartono, Mashudi Mashudi, Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru, Aprilia Dwi Kartika2 Karen Jean Harper, and Stephen Todd Morris · 2026

Contents

Section 09 of 09

  1. 01INTRODUCTION
  2. 02MATERIALS AND METHODS
  3. 03RESULTS
  4. 04IOFC
  5. 05DISCUSSION
  6. 06CONCLUSION
  7. 07DATA AVAILABILITY
  8. 08GENERATIVE AI DECLARATION
  9. 09AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS
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Work overview

Section 9 of 9

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

Kusmartono Kusmartono, Mashudi Mashudi, Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru, Aprilia Dwi Kartika2 Karen Jean Harper, and Stephen Todd Morris · about 1 minutes

KK, MM, and PHN: Conceptualized and designed the study. KK and MM: Supervised the feeding trial and interpreted the data. PHN: Conducted the literature review, organized the manuscript structure, drafted the original manuscript, and managed the references. ADK: Assisted with data collection, organization of feed and nutrient composition data, preparation of statistical data, and manuscript formatting. STM and KH: Contributed to the interpretation of the findings, critically reviewed and edited the manuscript, and provided important intellectual input. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.