Results

The operative procedure was completed successfully in all seven cases without conversion to open surgery. The procedure was performed on the left side in all cases. The donor cohort comprised two males and five females, with a mean age of 46 ± 12.1 years (range, 30-60 years). Preoperative donor renal function was assessed by DTPA, genitourinary imaging, and renal angiography, with a mean serum creatinine level of 0.69 ± 0.10 mg/dL and a mean glomerular filtration rate of the left kidneys of 45.87 ± 3.14 mL/min/1.73 m² (Table 1).

Patient No. | Age (years) | Gender | Pre-op serum creatinine (mg/dL) | Right kidney GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | Left kidney GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)
1 | 48 | Female | 0.61 | 47 | 45
2 | 55 | Female | 0.61 | 39.7 | 41.1
3 | 60 | Male | 0.87 | 47.8 | 45.2
4 | 57 | Female | 0.6 | 45.5 | 43.7
5 | 34 | Female | 0.68 | 51.2 | 50.7
6 | 30 | Female | 0.76 | 45.6 | 47.4
7 | 38 | Male | 0.71 | 46 | 48

All donors had a single renal vein, and three donors had two renal arteries. These anatomical findings are summarized in Table 2.

Patient No. | Operative time (minutes) | Anatomy | Warm ischemia time (seconds) | Blood loss (mL) | Hospital stay (days)
1 | 178 | Single renal artery and renal vein | 240 | 80 | 3
2 | 190 | Single renal artery and renal vein | 245 | 80 | 4
3 | 198 | Single renal artery and renal vein | 250 | 95 | 4
4 | 222 | Double renal artery and single renal vein | 270 | 100 | 3
5 | 210 | Single renal artery and renal vein | 270 | 110 | 3
6 | 230 | Double renal artery and single renal vein | 280 | 120 | 5
7 | 242 | Double renal artery and single renal vein | 300 | 120 | 5

Intraoperatively, the mean operative time was 210 ± 22.9 minutes (range: 178-242 minutes), mean estimated blood loss was 100.71 ± 16.94 (range: 80-120 mL), and the mean warm ischemia time was 265 ± 21.41 seconds (range: 240-300 seconds). No major intraoperative complications were encountered.

The mean length of hospital stay was 3.86 ± 0.90 days (range: three to five days). The urinary catheter was removed on postoperative day one. No drains were placed in any of the cases. All donors recovered satisfactorily with no postoperative complications (Table 2). All donor kidneys were successfully transplanted at our center. All recipients demonstrated immediate graft function with an uneventful postoperative recovery, and no cases of delayed graft function were observed.