Conclusions

Anemia was highly prevalent among pregnant women attending a rural primary health care facility in Barwala, Delhi. Low dietary iron intake, maternal unemployment, a history of worm infestation, illiteracy, higher gravida status (≥3), inadequate IFA supplementation, and a history of menstrual spotting were independently associated with anemia. Strengthening nutrition counseling, improving adherence to IFA supplementation, promoting routine deworming, encouraging early antenatal care registration, and addressing socioeconomic vulnerabilities through comprehensive antenatal care services may help reduce the burden of maternal anemia.