Conclusions

This case report exemplifies the possibility and neurodevelopmental advantages of incorporating a structured seven-day physiotherapy program into KMC for a single LBW preterm infant, although causal inference cannot be drawn from a single case. The infant showed a clinically significant shift from poor repertoire to improved writhing movements on GMA and improved on 10 of the 13 NBAS reflex domains, with no adverse events observed during the intervention period. The findings suggest the feasibility and potential benefit of incorporating developmentally oriented physiotherapy into the already established neurophysiological framework of KMC for early neurobehavioral organization in this vulnerable group; however, conclusions regarding effectiveness cannot be drawn from a single case. The planned, progressive, and brief physiotherapy program, administered under appropriate supervision within KMC, appears safe and practically implementable in this instance. Larger controlled trials, with sample sizes employing similar combined intervention protocols, are required to further validate feasibility and potential benefit, optimize dosing parameters, and assess long-term outcomes.